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非遗年货集市里的中国年味******

　　(新春见闻)非遗年货集市里的中国年味

　　中新社天津1月14日电题：非遗年货集市里的中国年味

　　作者王在御王君妍

　　“马上就要到兔年了，我们杨柳青木版年画也准备了新作品‘超级兔’，它的造型很酷，符合新时代年轻人的喜好，但同时也包含了许多中国传统文化元素，例如甲胄和象征吉祥的‘如意’。”杨柳青木版年画玉成号年画坊第七代传承人张宏接受记者采访时表示。

　　农历腊月二十三，北方小年。香甜酥脆的十八街麻花，栩栩如生的天津面塑，还有每一个新年的保留曲目杨柳青木版年画等，一同亮相天津市首届西岸非遗文化迎春年货市集，给广大市民带来一场精品非遗文化盛会。

　　在兔年春节到来之际，一个集“文化+消费+体验+社交”的非遗文化年货市集，不仅让市民获得新体验，也让更多国际友人沉浸式体验中国传统文化的魅力。

1月14日，农历腊月二十三，北方小年。天津市首届西岸非遗文化迎春年货市集给广大市民带来一场精品非遗文化盛会。图为在年货市集上，来自塞尔维亚的亚历山大·潘蒂(右)体验“画”福字。中新社发王在御摄

　　先用沾上墨汁的鬃刷在木板上刷墨，再将洒金纸放上木板......天津足协青训中心塞尔维亚籍教练员约万·卢特基奇体验完年画印刷后说，“这些画都非常精美，我也知道这个娃娃抱着鱼的年画，象征着年年都会富裕。这是近几年最热闹的一次新年，这里充满了中国年味，氛围欢乐且轻松，相信以后也会越来越好。”

　　杨柳青木版年画发源于千年古镇杨柳青，继承了宋、元绘画的传统，吸收了明代木刻版画、工艺美术等形式，采用木版套印和手工彩绘相结合的方法，其内容丰富，寓意吉祥，刻工精美，是中国年画艺术的代表。

　　在年货集市上，“写福字、走福路、挂福牌、钓福袋、带福还家”等独特的中国春节“福”文化串起整个活动现场，天津曲艺、非遗展演、国粹杂技、汉服巡游快闪等文化表演热闹迎新春。

　　约万·卢特基奇和同事亚历山大·潘蒂奇随后还体验了喝面茶、吃糖画、“画”福字、挂福牌、欣赏汉服表演等文化活动。同样来自塞尔维亚的亚历山大·潘蒂说：“1月14日也是我们塞尔维亚的新年，正好是你们的‘小年’，我们的新年更多是与家人聚餐，不像中国新年有这么丰富的大型活动，氛围也没这么浓烈。”

　　天津老字号协会会长、桂发祥股份公司董事长李路说：“此次天津非遗年货市集凝聚非遗传统技艺、传统美食、表演艺术等项目，把活态性、情景性、时代性、特色性、亲民性的产品都带到了现场，让游客沉浸式体验到非物质文化遗产的魅力。”

　　天津市文化和旅游局二级巡视员马庆余表示，近年来，天津市形成了“国家+市+区”3级非遗名录体系，非遗保护传承工作不断深入、活化实践日趋丰富，非遗保护工作进入了巩固保护成果、增强传承活力的新阶段。(完)

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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.